U.C.C. § 9-109 (Am. L. Inst. & Unif. L. Comm'n 1998, amended 2022) — Scope — Reading Room

U.C.C. § 9-109 — Scope

Editorial summary. Section 9-109 defines the scope of Article 9. It applies to consensual security interests in personal property or fixtures, to agricultural liens, to sales of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, and promissory notes, and to consignments as defined in § 9-102. Enumerated exclusions preserve federal-preemption zones, statutory liens, and specified transactions.

Citation: U.C.C. § 9-109 (Am. L. Inst. & Unif. L. Comm'n 1998, amended 2022)Jurisdiction: United StatesEffective: 2001-07-01

Governing Rule

Codified text.

Editorial note. Section 9-109(a) enumerates six categories of transactions to which Article 9 applies. Section 9-109(c) excludes transactions preempted by federal law; § 9-109(d) enumerates further specific exclusions, including certain landlord's liens, wage assignments, and transfers of insurance-policy interests.

Doctrinal Significance

Codified text.

Editorial note. The scope provision reflects Article 9's unitary approach: any transaction that functions as a consensual security device on personal property is governed by Article 9 regardless of the form the parties choose.

Cross References

Codified text.

Editorial note. See U.C.C. §§ 9-102 (definitions); 9-203 (attachment); 9-334 (fixture priority).

Revision history

1998-07-25 — Revised Article 9 promulgated.
2022-07-13 — 2022 Amendments extend scope to controllable electronic records.

Related Publications

Editorial articles from Real Law Society Press that discuss this authority.

Real Law Society Press
Priority, Subordination, and Transfer of Mortgaged Property
Ranking Security Interests in Land and Moving the Property, the Debt, and the Lien

Canonical source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/ucc/9/9-109